*Samirah is a Hamdaniyah Simriyah from the stud of the House of Saud in Najd, which was imported to the USA by Albert Harris in 1921. She has a very thin line that was the focus of a number of courageous, almost desperate preservation efforts over the last fourty years. The result is that the tail female line still goes on, albeit barely. A first line tracing back to *Samirah through her daughter Koweyt was discussed earlier, here. The second line to *Samirah is through her other daughter Kerasun, by the desert-bred stallion *Sunshine. *Sunshine was also from the Saud studs, and was imported in utero to USA in 1931 by Albert Harris, along with his dam *Nufoud, *Samirah, and two other mares. Kerasun in turn had two daughters, both bred by Albert Harris: Kaleta (by Alcazar) and Karamia (by Kulun, a Kuhaylan al-‘Ajuz stallion from really old bloodlines tracing to *Nedjme). Through Kaleta runs a very thin line high in desert bred blood straight from Najd and the Syrian desert, with the arrows indicating a mother-to-daughter link: Kaleta –> her daughter Faleta (by Ibn Fadl, another Kuhaylan al-‘Ajuz and a son of the desert, his dam being *Turfa) –> Faleta’s…
225,000 is the size of the Bedouin population of Syria and Lebanon in 1924, as estimated by the French Haut Commissariat de la Republique Francaise (the HCRF, which is the French mandatory power in both Syria and Lebanon) in its 1930 report “Les tribus nomades et semi-nomades des Etats du Levant places sous Mandat Francais”. This number consisted of 125,000 nomadic individuals and 100,000 semi-nomadic ones, for a total combined Syrian and Lebanese population of 1.5 million. Now check out the graph below to follow the evolution of the Syrian population alone since 1960:
I just bought this book, “From Camel to Truck: the Bedouin in the Modern World“, by Dawn Chatty, one of the foremost authorities on nomadic societies and migrations. I will tell you what I think when I read it.
A friend who is around fifty years old just told me that he used to ride the grey mare who is the grand-dam of the chestnut Abu Junub colt when he was young, and that his grand-father had bought the original Kuhaylat Umm Junub mare from the Bedouins on the basis that she was asil, and on the basis of her hujjah which he said contained the seals of tribal Bedouin shaykhs. He said they had bought the original mare from Ibn Rakhis of Shammar who was settled in Rafha to the north of Hafr al-Batin. He also told me that they will look for her hujjah and if they find it, they will give me a copy. So fifty years ago, the tail female of the few Abu Junub horses now in Saudi Arabia were were with Ibn Rakhis from Shammar.
Footage from Bahrain’s celebrations of Aid al-Adha in 1958. At 00.25, you see the current King of Bahrain, Sh. Hamad b. Isa Aal Khalifah, then aged 8. At 00.10, his grand-father, then ruler, Sh. Salman b. Hamad Aal Khalifah, who passed away in 1961.
I have always felt considerable sadness whenever an Arabian horse strain dies out. With it, part of the rich and colorful history of this breed vanishes forever. I can’t really say why, but to me it feels just like losing the last copy of a rare manuscript. Most of the best-known and most important Arabian strains are still represented today in asil form, and we are lucky to have them. A number of really significant ones were lost in Arabia Deserta over the last fifty years. These include Kuhaylan Tamri (known to US breeders as the strain of the Davenport import *Houran), Kuhaylan al-Kharas (the strain of the Blunt import Proximo), Kuhaylan Harqan (the strain of the grandsire of the Ali Pasha Sherif stallion Mesaoud) and Kuhaylan Om Soura. Until last week, I thought Kuhaylan Abu Junub was one of these. Kuhaylan Abu Junub is a strain I have always been interested in. There are some indications it is somehow ‘related to’, in a way I am not yet in a position to explain fully, to Ma’naqi, Jilfan, and Frayjan, all of which are ultimately Kuhaylan branches as well. It is on the list of Abbas Pasha’s ten favorite strains,…
ADA Intuition (“Poppy”) is the 2005 chestnut daughter of Atticus and Capucine, a straight Davenport Kuhaylah Hafiyah. This is her third ride after a year in pasture after just three months of under saddle work, so she is quite green still, but well behaved through an arena with jumps (and a neighboring goat pen, and 3 braying miniature donkeys, and let’s not forget the flocks of brightly colored bicyclists whipping down the road past the arena!) If you get tired of watching her balance herself in the arena, skip to about 6:20 and watch her stroll across the little stream and head up into the hills… If you want more, here she is on the longe line, a scant hour after getting off the trailer:
I still haven’t resolved a lingering dilemma that has been haunting me since I started ‘Daughter of the Wind’. In the course of this blog’s life, I have come across a lot of precious information I did not have access to before. That’s in no small part thanks to the readers of ‘Daughter of the Wind’, most of the time through personal emails. A lot of this information is generally positive, in the sense that it confirms the asil status of a particular line. This for instance is the case of the Tunisian desert-bred import Barr, or the Egyptian desert-bred import El Nasser, who were been outcasts for decades until they were recently rehabilitated. Sometimes the information is negative, in the sense that it throws the asil status of a particular line into serious doubt. In such cases what I usually do is try to go back to first-hand sources to verifiy it, or cross-check it with another indepedent sources. Sometimes things are clarified and everything falls back into place (ie, the line is asil). Sometimes, more research is needed to disentangle rumor from reality and the horse remains in limbo, at least as far I am concerned. Sometimes, the suspicion is confirmed…
This photo shows Brass Band CF and Charles Craver in what Americans call (Arab) “native costume”. As this photo shows, Brass was an exquisite mover. I remember my first afternoon at the Cravers in 1999 (it had been raining in the morning and we had looked at stallions inside the barn, but it had stopped raining after lunch and we’d moved to the little arena next to the barn to turn stallions loose). Brass came out and enjoyed his liberty just like the others, but once Charles had caught him, the routine changed. Charles shook the lead line a bit (I remember no other cue), and Brass started to piaffe. My jaw dropped — flies buzzed in and out — possibly I stopped breathing, I don’t recall. Another quiet request, and he halted. Wow.
My personal laptop chose to die in San’aa, Yemen where I have been for one week. I can’t blame it, it’s a beautiful city. It fell on a paved street outside the buidling of the Ministry of Health, and the screen broke. Oh well. He was 6 years old, which in laptop life is maybe like 60 for humans. At least the photos and other horse material are safe, I think. Keep the conversation going while I find him a successor. RIP Toshiba Satellite.
Monique Brandenburg from the Netherlands sent me this picture of a chestnut Arabian stallion from Iran, along with some information. Before delving into discussing these extremely interesting horses, let me say a couple things upfront: first, Iran is not an Arab country; it is an ethnically diverse country populated by ethnic Persians (who speak Farsi, among other tongues), Turkmen and Azeris (who speak Turkic dialects) and Kurds (who speak Kurdish), among others. That said, Iran does have a small Arab minority of about 1 million people (who speak Arabic), mainly but not only concentrated in its south-western province of Khuzistan. Many of these Arabic speakers belong to long-settled tribal groupings like Bani Kaab and branches of Bani Lam. The latter are originally from Central Arabia way back and are well known breeders of asil Arabian horses. So in many ways Iran is like Egypt: neither are in Arabia Deserta, the homeland of the Bedouin and their desert Arabian horse, but both nonetheless have a very small population of settled peasant Arabs tribes in the parts of the country closest to Arabia Deserta (e.g., Egypt’s peasant Tahawi tribe in the Sharqiyah province). These tribe kept breeding Arabian horses, and neighboring Persian tribes like the Bakhtiaris also bred Arabians. The…
Blog reader Elena Latici who lives in Italy recently bought this young fellow from Louis Bauduin’s farm in France. Murad Mandour (by Shuayman El Badawi x Murad Ouffah Habib by Jahir) is a bay Shuwayman Sabbah yearling who combines modern desert-bred blood from Syria (through his paternal grand-sire Mokhtar, bred by the Shammar Bedouins) with older desert-bred blood through imports Tunisian/ Algerian bloodlines. He also carries a hint of old French blood, and has a distant line to the desert-bred import Nibeh, featured here, and whom French master-breeder Robert Mauvy really liked. Mauvy was a big advocate of the idea of re-invigorating old European Arabian bloodlines with fresh desert-bred blood at leart every three generations, as as to sustain the physical and mental characeteristics of the Arabian horse of Arabia Deserta. Mauvy’s friends and students adhered to this theory early on, and bred some of their mares to desert-bres stallions such as Mokhtar, and now Mahboob Halab.
Since we were admiring Fragrance, I thought I’d share this one, taken by Anita Enander this summer, of Fragrance CF in her summer coat . Though unfortunately the shot is not perfectly framed, the mare’s style comes through.
Jazour est né en 1968 chez Mr Robert Mauvy. Ce magnifique bai, par Saadi et Izarra, par David, de lignee Kuhaylan al-‘Ajuz (tracant sur Samaria), très athlétique a fait ses preuves sur le terrain, en participant à des raids d’endurance qu’il a souvent gagné. Il fut aussi un excellent géniteur. Il gagna notament une course d’endurance où il y avait un lac à traverser à le nage, avec une telle avance sur les “grands chevaux” que certains ignorants auraient dit: “ce n’est pas possible, cet étalon n’est pas arabe, un arabe ne peut pas faire ça!! Nous pouvons citer sa fille Billytis (Jazour et Gomera d’el Horr par Horr et Charaf ) ou encore son fils Issam (Jazour et Bismilah par Irmak et Belle de jour par Iricho) castré trop tot! Malheureusement, il a bien peu produit car les éleveurs francais à cette époque se tournaient progressivement vers l’élevage de show par l’importation massive de souches polonaises. Dans ces années 1985 – 1988, les courses de pur sang arabe sont en plein essort en France et les étalons de souche francaise sont de plus en plus populaires (Manganate, Djelfor, ou encore Tidjani). Jazour est le 3/4 frère de l’étalon Moulouki, fantastique étalon lui aussi. Je…
I am excited to introduce Adrien Deblaise as a guest blogger on Daughter of the Wind. Adrien comes from a distinguished French family of Arabian horse breeders and equestrian librarians. His family’s stud of Blanc Marine, near Saintes, in western France, has been breeding Arabians of Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian lines since 1985 with an emphasis on endurance lines. In addition, their bookstore, Philippica, is a real treasure trove of old literature on horses and horse people. He will be writing in French about horses that were significant in French and North African breeding in the 1970s and 1980s. Those of you who can’t read French can cut-and-past the article, and throw it into Google Translate, which keeps gettting better and better. I will personally translate some articles as time permits. Adrien, like Pure Man, Ambar, Jill, Teymur, Majid, Clothilde, Patrick, Bassam H, and many other readers and contributors to Daughter of the Wind from around the world, including myself, is part of a ‘younger’ generation of desert-bred Arabian horse enthusiats who are keeping the flame alive. Daughter of the Wind was originally intended as a platform for them to communicate and share information with each other, while also reaching out of the ‘young at heart’.
Bred by J.C. Rajot of Tournus, France from Robert Mauvy lines, Murad Chahin (Shawani x Hamada by Irmak) is a Shuwayman Sabbah blending Algerian and Tunisian lines with old, asil French blood. He traces to Cherifa, a Shuwaymah bred the Sba’ah Bedouins in 1869 and imported to Algeria later. He is very reminiscent of some of the Doyle horses I saw at Terry’s and Rosemary’s this summer.
I “stole” this picture from the Internet, but it’s for a good cause. This is Jehol Sahraoui (Ouaffar x Kalthoumia by Sabour), for a long time the head sire at Mrs. Gisela Bergmann’s stud in Ghardimaou in western Tunisia. Mrs. Bergmann has bred precious ‘old’ Tunisian lines for some thirty years, and Jehol Sahraoui, born in 1978, is representative of these lines. He hails from a very rare sire line in Tunisian/Algerian breeding, that of El Managhi, imported from Hama (Central Syria) by the French to their Algerian Stud of Tiaret in 1924. His dam line, that of Dolma-Batche, is even rarer, and I don’t think it survives away from Mrs. Bergmann’s small breeding program (to be checked). Note that the Jilfan (no marbat recorded) line of Dolma-Batche, chesntut, born in 1869, imported to Sidi-Thabet in Tunisia in 1876, is a different line from the Jilfan Dhawi line to which was imported from the Syrian desert to Tiaret in Algeria in 1875. A number of good horses trace to Dolma-Batche, including the beautiful Sumeyr, who was featured on this blog before. Jehol is now represented by his son Tchad (b. in 1986 out of Binsar, by Koraich out of Hadia).…
Yesterday night there was a fascinating one hour program from 2.00 am to 3.00 am Mecca time on the first Channel of Bahrain TV on the Bahrain horses and their history.
One more picture of Omar Anbarji’s now deceased desert-bred Kuhaylan al-Musinn stallion Ra’ad, this time by a professional photographer. I think this is the fourth picture of him I post. I would like to familiarize readers with the foundation stock of the Syrian Arabians, because I feel they will become more and more significant in the future. You have already seen pictures of some of the most influential Syrian Arabian stallions, many of which are personal favorites: Ra’ad, a Kuhaylan al-Musinn; al-Aa’war, a Hamdani Ibn Ghurab; Mubarak, another Hamdani Ibn Ghurab; Mokhtar, a Kuhaylan al-Krush; Marzuq, a Ma’naqi Sbayli, etc. Look them up in the search function of this blog on the right hand column, and you will see the relevant entry with their photos. Ra’ad was bred by Jamal al-Turki al-‘Ilyu of the Saw’an clan, which is the leading clan of the settled, part peasant, part sheep-herding tribe of al-Sabkhah, on the banks of the middle Euphrates. Jamal’s family also bred Ra’ad dam Nawal al-Kheil, and her grand-dam as well. The Sabkhah, who occupy the area of same name (click here to see it on Google Map) are themselves part of the larger peasant confederation of the Bu Sha’ban.…
If you live in Europe or the USA and want to breed your Arabian mare to an asil stallion straight from Arabia Deserta, one who was actually born there, you now have a number of options at hand. 1) If you live in the United States, then your only option for the time being is Mlolshaan Hager Solomon, a 1986 grey stallion bred by Shaykh Muhammad bin Salman Aal Khalifah of Bahrain, and owned by Bill Biel of Michigan. Strain: Kuhaylan al-Mulawlish, his sire a Rabdan stallion. Hager Solomon is 23 this year, and he has sired only one or two asil foals so far, so you should catch him while he is still alive. 2) If you live in the United Kingdom, then the place to go is Jenny Lees’ Pearl Island Arabian Horse Stud. Jenny has Krayaan Dilmun, a 1992 chestnut stallion, also bred by Shaykh Muhammad bin Salman Aal Khalifah of Bahrain. Strain: Kuhaylan al-Kraay, sire a Ma’naghi stallion. Krayaan Dilmun, like Mloshaan, is from a very rare strain of Arabian horses, of which only the Kingdom of Bahrain has representatives. I also undestand that Jenny has an old grey Rabdan stallion on loan from Bahrain, but it is perhaps not the right time to talk…
I took this photo of the venerable Malakah in 1990, at the stables of Syrian breeder Salih Khaddam al-Sruji, south of Damascus. She was more than 30 years of age, which explain why her croup and legs look the way they do. Malakah was bred by the Mudarris family, an old Alepine – ie, from Aleppo, Syria – family of great social standing and influence. The Mudarris family owned one of the most famous city marabet of Saqlawi Jadran ibn Zubayni, which the ‘Anazah Bedouins from the area around Aleppo recognized as ‘mazbut’ (well-ascertained, well-authenticated). I have Malakah’s hujjaj somewhere and will need to dig it up for you to read. There is a very thin tail female line to Malakah left in Syria today. That said, Malakah’s blood is mainly present in Syria through her son al-Abjar, who was standing at the Yakan studfarm in al-Bab, north of Aleppo. Many people in Syria thought that Malaka’s was the only line of Saqlawi Jadran ibn Zubayni left in Syria, and this is certainly how the Syrian Studbook presents it. Fortunately, there is at least one other equally mazbut line of Saqlawi ibn Zubayni left there. That’s the line of Mabrouka, a Saqlawiyah Jadraniyah…
Click here for an informative article on the Jordanian Bisharat family, by one of its scions, George Bisharat, a professor of law at Hastings College in San Francisco. The article appeared in a political journal, and is not concerned with Arabian horses but it nonetheless offers interesting background information about the Bisharat family, which may be of interest to those of you who breed Arabian horses of Egyptian lines. The Bisharat family is a Christian family of merchants and entrepreneurs, orignally from the area around the palestinian city of Nablus. Like several other palestinian christian familties, the Bisharat moved to the eastern bank of the Jordan river at some point in the late 19th century, and settled the area of al-Salt and then moved to the south of Amman. They rose to economic and social prominence in the first part of the 20th century. At some point in the 1940s, a member of the Bisharat family, Shibli Bisharat (who may or may not be the Shibli mentioned several times in the article), sent three horses as a present to King Faruk of Egypt. Two of these, the mare Badria and the stallion Besheir (also known as Besheir El Ashkar) left modern descendents, and famous…