There has been a lot of speculation about the sire of the desert-bred Davenport import *Mowarda, in particular whether he was the horse that was imported to the USA by one of Davenport’s companions and later registered as *Abbeian 111. The Arabic language famously lacks the verb “to be”. Phrases like “the dog is big” and “the big dog” are harder to differentiate than in English. The presence or absence on the definite article “al-” in the ajective is the way they can be differentiated. This is how it works: al-kalb al-ahmar, literally “the dog the red” means “the red dog”. al-kalb ahmar, literally “the dog red”, means “the dog is red”. Accordingly, the hujjah of *Mowarda would read as follows: Wa-inna umma al-hisani al-madhkuri tushabba wa-abuha al-hayfi; wa abu al-hisani al-madhkuri al-mawjudi bi-yadi al-mushari ilayhi ubayyan sharrak Note the bold “al-” for now. Literally: And mother of the horse the referenced to be mated [feminine] and father of her the Hayfi. And father of the horse the referenced the present in the hand of the aforementioned Ubayyan Sharrak. The ajective “referenced” modifies “horse” (*Mowarda, age and coat color described earlier in the hujjah) in the first sentence. It does…