Somehow I had never seen this photo of Spencer Borden’s stallion Segario, an important sire in early American Arabian horse breeding. Someone posted them on allbreedpedigree.com. He is in the pedigree of Mayassa Al Arab, and of her son Munir Al Arab (by Pulcher Ibn Reshan), photo below. Munir belongs to Debbie Mackie, who’s been leasing Mayassa from me for several years now. There are seven generations and 122 years between Segario (b. 1902) and Munir (b. 2024).
Ahmad Tariq al-Hashimi sent me this old photo, likely taken in Iraq at the beginning of the 20th century. You see an Ottoman official, and the text is in Ottoman Turkish. The mare on the left is Kuhaylat al-Ajuz and the one on the right is a Kuhaylah Bu’ayrah. Both are superb representatives of the breed. They look clean, well noursihed and sport western style bridles. Clearly the horses of a pasha or a high level government official. The Bu’ayri (from ba’ir, camel) strain, still exists in Iran today. It is a very rare strain, that appears in several early strain lists, e.g., Raswan’s (below, under “Bayiri”), where it’s the first in the Kuhaylan strains starting with the letter B. It also appears in George Tabet’s 1937 list, as a self-standing strain not to be mated, not under Kuhaylan. Below, Kousha Rezai, a proud 2009 representative of the Bu’ayri strain. Photo Gudrun Waiditshka.
This stallion is not your usual Egyptian horse. Born at Gustl Eutermoser in Austria in 1974, he traces to the desert-bred Mabrouka, gifted by King Ibn Saud to the King of Egypt in 1945. He is special in that six out of sixteen of his 4th generation ancestors are desert bred. The headshot photo was taken by S. Kübe written under the picture in Asil Araber II page 473. The body shot is Asil Araber III page 680. Jens Sannek, who sent me both photos, told me that was first in training and second in performance test at Medingen in Northern Germany in 1978. Habib is in the pedigree of my Jasminah.
Atlass is by Adjar out of Aram. Photo through Jens Sannek. Not sure who took the picture. A foundation mare of the Iranian lines that came to Europe, although she did not come to Europe herself.
Now aged 25 years old, Hayoun (Hashem x Palmirah) is a grandson of Hamdan II (Hamdan x Folla) and looks like him. He is 50% Iranian, 37.5% RAS/Inshass Egyptian, and 12.5% Tahawi to Folla. Photo S. Freitag.
Photo gleaned off social media without a source. If you know it’s source please share. [Update: Kate tells me rthat there was another photo of King Faisal on the same horse at ctesiphon.com]
Jens Sannek again shared with me a photo of the stallion Haddad (Selim x Arezoo), an important sire in Iran, and the full brother of Khamseh that went to Europe. Haddad and Khamseh are of the Hamdani strain of the Sh. Hajat of the Al Katheer Bedouin tribe.
Jens Sannek has been kindly supplying me with a lot of new-to-me information about the horses of Gustl Eutermoser and Ulrike Marcik. He tells me that they were good friends of Prince Muqrin bin Abdul Aziz Al Sa’ud, then governor of the Hail province, and that they imported two desert-bred Saudi mares through him from the National Guard in Riyadh, but that they could not register in Austria because of WAHO rules back then. Jens tells that one was chestnut and the other grey. He told me that the chestnut mare, Jamila (a Saglawi x a Saglawia), born in 1967, broke her leg in January 1975. The grey mare was Mashora (a Hamdani x a Hamdania), born in 1962, died in 1978. Nothing is apparently left from either mare. He shared with me this photo of Mashora which had appeared in “Asil Araber” Vol. I 1977 Asil Club, Olm Presse Hildesheim New York, page 248. The pedigree from Mashora looks like she could have been an Anazah mare from Syria.
On their journey back from Hail to Bagdad in early 1870, Lady Anne and Wilfrid Blunt met the Al Kathir tribe, which she refers to in the plural as “Ketherin”, with their leader Mutlakh, and nearly purchased a handsome Wadnan Khursan horse from them. The Al Kathir are part of the larger Bani Lam tribe. The edition by Archer and Fleming of Lady Anne’s Journals and Correspondence is so truncated here that it’s not immediately obvious that Mutlakh’s tribe is the Kethirin. This becomes plain once they are in Persia, when they make the connections to other Bani Lam there. Her Journal entry for February 17, 1879 is upbeat, and in my opinion, one of the nicest sections of her J&C, complete with scenes from Bedouin hospitality and description of horses and nature: “We have spent an interesting day. As agreed we and Mohamed and Mutlakh went to the latter’s camp […]. Shatti said the owner of a horse would bring it to show us from these tents and presently two people on a delul came leading a bay colt with three white feet (two fore and near hind) and star — a beautiful little horse he looked as far…
This is just to have an idea of the people behind the horses. I found these on a (human) genealogy website. His brother is Abdel Khan, mounted on a dark Arabian horse. His father’s full name including titles is Gholam Hossein Khan Sardar Mohtasham Bakhtiar (Haji Ilkhani). His grandfather’s full name is Emam Gholi Khan Haji Ilkhani Bakhtiari (Esfandiari) (1819 – 1896). The latter is likely the Bakhtiari Khan Lady Anne and Wilfrid set out to meet in 1879, and the father of Ali-Qoli the young man they journeyed with on the way back from his pilgrimage to Mecca. The young Ali-Qoli Khan had promised the Blunts an introduction to his father (re-reading the J&C now to check if it actually happened). Ali-Qoli Khan was to have a distinguished career later on.
Linking out to Gudrun’s Waiditschka’s informative article on the Arabian horses of Iran, which she republished on her website after Germany’s Asil Club accepted some 300 foundation horses from Iran.
Through Kina Murray also comes this short movie about an ealier iteration of the centuries-old, seasonal migration of the Bakhtiari tribe. The sequence of the horse falling, hitting a rock, rolling then rising again as if unhurt is stunning.
From her Journals and Correspondence (J&C, edited by Archer and Flemning), comes an account of the travels of Lady Anne and Wilfrid Blunt among the Bani Lam of Lower Mesopotamia and Khuzestan. It took place during their 1879 journey through al-Amarah in Lower Mesopotamia through Khuzestan/Arabistan by way of Dezful and Shustar all the way to the port of Bushehr on the Persian Gulf. My comments follow. J&C, Bagdad, March 18th, 1879: […] a messenger had brought a letter from Mr. Wertman to the Bani Lam Sheykh Mizban.. […] J&C, somewhere in Khuzestan/Arabestan, March 28th, 1879: We had great luck not to be met or found yesterday or in the night by any of the ghazus between the camps of Mizban and Akul or rather Musa. […] The Bani Lam cannot however be very particular about their breeds for Beneyeh asked Wilfrid for the use of the grey horse for a little bay mare of his which he called Wadneh Hursan [sic] — Wadnan is one of the breeds now existing with the Bani Lam now called Ketirin [Al Kathir, in the plural], our Nejd friends, and the beautiful little bay horse we saw belonging to one of Mutakh’s men…
Stephan Eberhardt shared with me these photos from a book he has: from top to bottom: Hamza (chestnut Nesman stallion), Jallad (grey Wadnan stallion) and Palmira and Bint Palmirah (the two chestnut Wadnah mares, out of three in the bottom photo). He tells me that he saw both Jallad and the black mare Jezabel at their former owner: “I saw both of them by the last owners and was very impressed. They had a very special aura I can’t explain. This special thing I only noticed by the wonderfull [Algerian/Tunisian] Jahir. I never saw this in SE lines.“
Jens Sannek shared with me this rare photo, which purports to show the Iranian foundation stallion Karoun, a Jilfan Jarjari by strain, tracking to the horses of the Bani Malik tribe. He’s had it for 30-35 years, but does not know its source. Hopefully a reader can point to its origin. Mary Gharaghozlu wrote the following story about Karoun in the section on Jilfan (Djelfan) in her studbook for the Asil Stud of Khuzestan: The other Djelfan of the Jarjari line was the stallion, Karoun, which although now dead, is of the utmost importance in the A.S.K. stud book and pedigree. This stallion first became famous during the period when its owner Haji Hassoun Moravene of Khuzestan was involved in contraband activities across the border. On several occasions when he was pursued by mounted police the horse took his rider to safety through sheer speed and endurance. This attracted the interest of Col. Rokni, who as well as being a border patrol official in that area, was also a lover of horses, and he eventually bought the horse and called him Karoun. He entered him in races at Abadan and Ahwaz and won them with great ease.This then attracted the…
By Khamseh out of Parsa by Hashem out of Palmira by Jallad. 75 percent Iranian lines, 25 percent Egyptina lines. Photos taken in 2021 at 26 years old.
Reposting this old photo of Fanaira (Fanifeh x *Muhaira), a bay 1962 Ubayyah mare of the strain of Ibn Jiluwi, bred by the Searles in the USA, entirely from Ibn Jalawi’s breeding. She is in the same style as my AAS Nelyo, who traces to her five times. The tail set and carriage, the croup, the length are similar.
Wilton posted these two photos of Jezabel a few years ago. I believe that he got them from a German magazine. The first one features an older Jezabel with her last foal Juno by an Egyptian horse of show bloodlines. The second shows her with the Hamdani Simri stallion Inta (Ibn Insiatur x Sabah).
The lovely Sotoudeh, a 1998 Iranian Asil Meleihieh of the strain of Ghassem Ali Zargani of the Zarqan/Zargan Bedouin tribe of Iran. I wrote about Ghassem Ali Zargani (multiple spellings) here. Photo courtesy of Jens Sannek, who just like me, is awed by this strain.
I found online traces of the Shaykh Hanash Mojadami that Mary Gharazoglu writes about as one of the foremost breeders of Arabian horses in Iran. Accordingto her, the clan he led bred several strains: The Kaab, under whose name General Tweedie recognizes the Arab of Iran, are a large tribe divided into sub-tribes. Those best known for certain strains are […] the Mojadami known for a branch of the Hamdani, the Sobeili and Beaiyreh. She also wrote in Volume 1 of the Asil Studbook of Iran: The Koheilan Adjuz belonging to the Mojadami family, headed by Sheikh Hanash Mojadami, today are the most valued south and east of Ahwaz. Since Sheikh Hanash Mojadami is head of those tribes living in the Ghaizanie area, east of Ahwaz, his people also own and revere the Koheilan and cross their mares with the Koheilan Adjuz. His own preference is to use the Khersan Mir as stud. An online written record for Hanash Mojadami was not easy for me to find because of the ways both Iranians and Bedouin Arabs spell Arabic names. He is Sh. Hanash al-Yabir Aal Muqaddam (Mugadam/Mojadam, hence Mojadami), a leader of the Bani Kaab tribe and a poet (photo…
A screenshot of a fine chestnut mare from the movie “Migrate to Survive” on Mary Gharagozlu’s horses, around minute ten.
Yet another movie recommendation from Kina Murray is the 1925 silent movie “Grass: A Nation’s Battle for Life” on the migration of the Bakhtiari tribes of Iran. It’s an hour long. Kina tells me that there is a much a better version, without all the irritating advert interruptions on youtube, but that one has to pay for it. More info about the film here.
THe Encyclopedia Iranica has an interesting article on the Arab tribes of Iran, which takes a long historical perspective over thousands of years. The following excerpt on the tribes of Khuzestan is informative: There are numerous Arab tribes in Ḵūzestān, all of which still speak Arabic. The most important ones at the turn of the century included: (1) north of Ahvāz:
The stallion Karoun, a Jilfan Jarjari from the strain of the Bani Malek tribe of Khuzestan born ca. 1942, is the main sireline progenitor for Iranian Arabian horses. Genetic Y-DNA studies have found this sire line to fall under the most common Arabian male haplogroup (Ao-aA1a). Below is a table from Kate McLachlan’s recent Khamsat article featuring male progenitors of the Karoun sire line: Ardeshir, Insiatur, Jassem, and the unnamed Wadnan Khursan stallion who may or may not be Karoun’s paternal grandfather. In turn, he traces back to a Wadnan Khursan stallion from the Hardan tribe. The Encyclopedia Iranica had the following to say on this small tribe: BANĪ ḤARDĀN, a Shiʿite Arab tribe of Howayza (Ḥawīza) district in Ḵūzestān. Small in number (they were estimated at 2,500 persons early in the century, and at 500 families, i.e., roughly the same number, in the 1930s), their range is comparatively extensive: north of Ahvāz, west of Ahvāz to Howayza, between the Kārūn and the Karḵa rivers, and inland from the left bank of the Āb-e Gargar. Their main centers are Kūt Nahr Hāšem, Dūb-e Ḥardān, and Čārṭāq. Formerly predominantly nomadic (Lorimer, II, p. 120, noted only 100 persons settled), they have progressively…
Lately, I have been digging into the origins of Iranian Arabian horses. Using authoritative works in the Arabic language such as ‘Abbas al-‘Azzawi’s monumental “Tribes of Iraq” in four volumes and other sources, I was able to identify several of the older, original horse breeders mentioned in the first studbook of the Asil Stud of Khuzestan (ASK), excerpts of which Jens Sannek shared with me. This is the precursor of the Iranian Arabian horse studbook. Gassem Ali Zarqan (abbreviated GAZ in the ASK) is one these Arab tribal breeders. He is the breeder of a Meleihe (Mlayhan) stallion, Meleihe GAZ, which features prominently in early Iranian Arabian horse pedigrees. I found a reference to Gassem Ali Zarqan in Azzawi’s “Tribes of Iraq”: عشائر اخرى متصلة بكعب وهذه العشائر منها فى العراق لا سلطة لامارة كعب عليها، ومنها فى الحويزة ولا تخلو عشيرة من عشائر خوزستان الا ولها أصل فى العراق ومن أشهرها.الباوية : وأصلهم من ربيعة وليس بصواب عدهم من كعب. يسكنون فى شرقي نهر كارون. قال البسام: “فى جانب البصرة الشرقي الباوية. ألف خيّال تتبع شيخ كعب وهم منتشرون فى أنحاء أخرى من العراق :وهذه أشهر طوائفهم: الزركان. رئيسهم جبار بن قاسم علي (يلفظ قسمه لي). ولهم نخوة خاصة…
Jens Sannek continues to gratify me with photos of desert Arabian imports to Europe and their progeny. This photo came to him from the late Austrian breeder Anton Tucek. It shows Anton’s 1991 bay stallion Jezar, by the Bahraini stallion Sarhan out of the black Iranian mare Jezabel. He had obtained Sarhan (Maanaghi Saghir x Sitah) from Danah Al Khalifah. I am particularly interested in this Iranian/Bahraini cross, which I am looking forward to try this spring.
Jens Sannek also shared with me this beautiful picture of Jezabel (Arras x Atlass by Adjar), a 1976 black Wadnah Khursan of the Mir strain, bred by the Asil Stud of Khuzestan. Jezabel was also imported to Austria in 1979, along with Jallad and several other young mares and stallions.
Jens Sannek shared with me this wonderful picture of the Iranian Arabian stallion Jallad (Arras x Atlassi by Sepid x Aram), a Wadnan Khursan of the Mir strain. Jallad was from the foundation stock of the Asil Stud of Khuzestan (ASK) and was imported from Iran to Austria by Gustl Eutermoser and Ulrike Marcik in 1979. He spent the later years of his life with Bibi Degn in Germany and in The Netherlands. Jens is unsure of who took the picture, so if anyone happens to know please come forward. Look at the fine skin, the abundant forelocks, the prominent facial bones, and the fine muzzle ending with elongated (not square) nostrils, all hallmarks of authenticity.